Thanks to the preservation of relevant Wehrmacht records, as well as the Russian- language newspaper Rech, historians can examine the nature, methods, and results of this campaign. Their propaganda contained a good deal of virulent anti-Jewish material. In 19, German army propagandists and their Russian employees waged a powerful propaganda campaign in and around Orel. Prior to the war, over 100,000 people had lived in Orel, including several thousand Jews. A good, metal-inlaid road linked Orel to regions to its southwest. The town lay astride the main Moscow-Simferopol highway. Train lines originating in Minsk and Smolensk converged in Orel. Situated at the confluence of the Oka and Orlik rivers, the Great Russian town of Orel was an important Soviet rail and manufacturing center. On 3 October, the Fourth Panzer Division, attached to the Second Panzer Army, entered the city of Orel. ![]() The Germans launched their attack on the Soviet Union during the early morning hours of 22 June 1941. Anti-Jewish Propaganda in the Orel Region of Great Russia, 1942-1943: The German Army and Its Russian Collaborators by Robert Edwin Herzstein
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